A lawsuit arising in or related to a bankruptcy case that begins by filing a complaint with the court, that is, a "trial" that takes place within the context of a bankruptcy case.

In bankruptcy proceedings, an adversary is a civil lawsuit commenced by the filing of a complaint by a party in interest to accomplish a result, such as to recover money or property or to object to the debtor’s discharge. Adversary proceedings are assigned separate adversary proceeding numbers, which are used in addition to the number assigned to the bankruptcy case, and a separate docket file of these proceedings is kept. For more information please consult Fed. R. Bankr. P. 7001.